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    <h1 class="title">在 .net core 2.1 和 3.1 中使用 autofac</h1>
  


      
        <time datetime="2020-09-25T08:38:43.000Z">
          create: 2020-09-25 16:38:43 | update: 2020-09-25 17:34:42
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    <div class="entry">
      
      <blockquote>
<p>通过本文你可以获得如何用 autofac 替换 .NET CORE（2.1，3.1） 默认 IOC 容器。</p>
</blockquote>
<h1 id="生命周期说明"><a href="#生命周期说明" class="headerlink" title="生命周期说明"></a>生命周期说明</h1><ul>
<li>每个依赖一个实例(Instance Per Dependency) (默认) —-InstancePerDependency()</li>
<li>单一实例(Single Instance) 单例 —-SingleInstance()</li>
<li>每个生命周期作用域一个实例(Instance Per Lifetime Scope)—-InstancePerLifetimeScope()</li>
<li>每个匹配的生命周期作用域一个实例(Instance Per Matching Lifetime Scope)—-InstancePerMatchingLifetimeScope()</li>
<li>每个请求一个实例(Instance Per Request) asp.net web请求—-InstancePerRequest()</li>
<li>每次被拥有一个实例(Instance Per Owned) —-InstancePerOwned()</li>
</ul>
<h1 id="注册方式"><a href="#注册方式" class="headerlink" title="注册方式"></a>注册方式</h1><ul>
<li>反射</li>
<li>使用实例</li>
<li>lambda 表达式</li>
</ul>
<p>示例代码说明：</p>
<a id="more"></a>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">// 创建注册组件的builder
var builder = new ContainerBuilder();

//根据类型注册组件 ConsoleLogger 暴漏服务：ILogger
builder.RegisterType&lt;ConsoleLogger&gt;().As&lt;ILogger&gt;();

//根据类型注册组件 ConsoleLogger,暴漏其实现的所有服务（接口）
builder.RegisterType&lt;ConsoleLogger&gt;().AsImplementedInterfaces();

// 根据实例注册组件 output  暴漏服务：TextWriter
var output = new StringWriter();
builder.RegisterInstance(output).As&lt;TextWriter&gt;();

//表达式注册组件，这里我们是在构造函数时传参-&gt;&quot;musection&quot;   暴漏服务：IConfigReader
builder.Register(c =new ConfigReader(&quot;mysection&quot;)).As&lt;IConfigReader&gt;();

//表达式注册组件,解析时传参
var service = scope.Resolve&lt;IConfigReader&gt;(
           new NamedParameter(&quot;section&quot;, &quot;mysection&quot;));     

//反射注册组件，直接注册了ConsoleLogger类（必须是具体的类），如果ConsoleLogger有多个构造函数，将会取参数最多的那个构造函数进行实例化
builder.RegisterType&lt;ConsoleLogger&gt;();

//反射注册组件，手动指定构造函数，这里指定了调用 MyComponent（ILogger log,IConfigReader config）的构造函数进行注册
builder.RegisterType&lt;MyComponent&gt;()
 .UsingConstructor(typeof(ILogger), typeof(IConfigReader));  

 //注册MySingleton类中的静态变量&quot;Instance&quot;，ExternallyOwned()函数指定自己控制实例的生命周期，而不是由autofac自动释放
 builder.RegisterInstance(MySingleton.Instance).ExternallyOwned();

//一个组件暴漏两个服务  
builder.RegisterType&lt;CallLogger&gt;().As&lt;ILogger&gt;().As&lt;ICallInterceptor&gt;(); 

//注册当前程序集中以“Service”结尾的类
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).Where(t =&gt; t.Name.EndsWith(&quot;Service&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces();
//注册&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;程序集中所有的类
builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(GetAssembly(&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces();

//构建一个容器完成注册
var rootcontainer = builder.Build();

//可以通过下面这种方式手动获取IConfigReader 的实现类
//这种手动解析的方式需要 从生命周期作用域内获取组件,以保证组件最终被释放
//不要直接从根容器rootcontainer中解析组件，很有可能会导致内存泄漏
using(var scope = rootcontainer.BeginLifetimeScope())
{
  var reader = scope.Resolve&lt;IConfigReader&gt;();
}
</code></pre>
<h1 id="在-ASP-NET-CORE-2-1-中的使用"><a href="#在-ASP-NET-CORE-2-1-中的使用" class="headerlink" title="在 ASP.NET CORE 2.1 中的使用"></a>在 ASP.NET CORE <code>2.1</code> 中的使用</h1><blockquote>
<p>.NET CORE 2.2 和 3.1 对 Autofac 的初始化方式不一样，需要注意下，建议使用 3.1。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>需要安装一下的库：</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="mailto:Autofac@5.1.3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Autofac@5.1.3</a></li>
<li><a href="mailto:Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection@6.0.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection@6.0.0</a><h2 id="注册策略：Module"><a href="#注册策略：Module" class="headerlink" title="注册策略：Module"></a>注册策略：Module</h2>在不同层中定义一个 ModuleRegister 类，用于注册类型</li>
<li>这里以 Application 层为例，多层的话可以分别进行定义</li>
</ul>
<p>IocPolicy.cs</p>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">public class IocPolicy : Module
{
    protected override void Load(ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        //注册当前程序集中以“Ser”结尾的类,暴漏类实现的所有接口，生命周期为PerLifetimeScope
        builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).Where(t =&gt; t.Name.EndsWith(&quot;Service&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces().SingleInstance();
        //注册所有&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;程序集中的类
        //builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(GetAssembly(&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces();
    }
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="接管默认-IoC-引擎"><a href="#接管默认-IoC-引擎" class="headerlink" title="接管默认 IoC 引擎"></a>接管默认 IoC 引擎</h2><p>需要修改 Startup.cs，需要调整 ConfigServices 方法签名，以让 autofac 接管 ioc</p>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">public static IContainer AutofacContainer;
        public IServiceProvider ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddControllers();

            #region &gt;&gt;AutoFac  1/2
            ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
            //将services中的服务填充到Autofac中.
            builder.Populate(services);
            //新模块组件注册
            builder.RegisterModule&lt;Application.IocPolicy&gt;();
            builder.RegisterModule&lt;Domain.IocPolicy&gt;();
            //创建容器.
            AutofacContainer = builder.Build();
            //使用容器创建 AutofacServiceProvider 
            return new AutofacServiceProvider(AutofacContainer);
            #endregion
        }


        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env, IHostApplicationLifetime appLifetime)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }

            app.UseHttpsRedirection();

            app.UseRouting();

            app.UseAuthorization();

            app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =&gt;
            {
                endpoints.MapControllers();
            });
             #region &gt;&gt;AutoFac  2/2
            //程序停止调用函数
            appLifetime.ApplicationStopped.Register(() =&gt; { AutofacContainer.Dispose(); });
            #endregion
        }
</code></pre>
<h1 id="在-ASP-NET-CORE-3-1-中的使用"><a href="#在-ASP-NET-CORE-3-1-中的使用" class="headerlink" title="在 ASP.NET CORE 3.1 中的使用"></a>在 ASP.NET CORE <code>3.1</code> 中的使用</h1><blockquote>
<p>这里跟 core 2.2不一样，更加偏向于默认的 IoC 容器了，也方便了不少。</p>
</blockquote>
<p>需要安装以下的库：</p>
<ul>
<li><a href="mailto:Autofac@5.1.3" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Autofac@5.1.3</a></li>
<li><a href="mailto:Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection@6.0.0" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Autofac.Extensions.DependencyInjection@6.0.0</a><h2 id="类型注册"><a href="#类型注册" class="headerlink" title="类型注册"></a>类型注册</h2>在不同层中定义一个 ModuleRegister 类，用于注册类型</li>
<li>这里以 Application 层为例，多层的话可以分别进行定义</li>
</ul>
<p>IocPolicy.cs</p>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">public static class IocPolicy
{
    public static void RegisterApplication(this ContainerBuilder builder)
    {
        //注册当前程序集中以“Ser”结尾的类,暴漏类实现的所有接口，生命周期为PerLifetimeScope
        builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(System.Reflection.Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly()).Where(t =&gt; t.Name.EndsWith(&quot;Service&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces().SingleInstance();
        //注册所有&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;程序集中的类
        //builder.RegisterAssemblyTypes(GetAssembly(&quot;MyApp.Repository&quot;)).AsImplementedInterfaces();
    }
}
</code></pre>
<h2 id="接管默认-IoC-引擎-1"><a href="#接管默认-IoC-引擎-1" class="headerlink" title="接管默认 IoC 引擎"></a>接管默认 IoC 引擎</h2><p>需要修改 Startup.cs，需要调整 ConfigServices 方法签名，以让 autofac 接管 ioc</p>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">/* 新增加如下方法，用于注册类型 */

        public void ConfigureContainer(ContainerBuilder builder)
        {
            #region &gt;&gt;AutoFac
            builder.RegisterApplication();
            builder.RegisterDomain();
            #endregion
        }
</code></pre>
<p>Program.cs</p>
<p></p><p class="code-caption" data-lang="csharp" data-line_number="backend" data-trim_indent="backend" data-label_position="outer" data-labels_left="Code" data-labels_right=":" data-labels_copy="Copy Code"><span class="code-caption-label"></span></p><p></p>
<pre><code class="csharp">public static IHostBuilder CreateHostBuilder(string[] args) =&gt;
    Host.CreateDefaultBuilder(args)
        .UseServiceProviderFactory(new AutofacServiceProviderFactory()) //autofac 接管
        .ConfigureWebHostDefaults(webBuilder =&gt;
        {
            webBuilder.UseStartup&lt;Startup&gt;();
        });
</code></pre>

      

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